The Ninety-Nine Names99 Names, home
Name 29 of 99
العدل

The Utterly Just

Al-ʻAdl

The inspector’s weights — the scale that would not tip.

Meaning

From ʻ-d-l, which the lexicon gives as two roots opposed like contraries: one evenness, the other deviation. From the first come the trusted witness, the equal weight, the ruling by the even and the idolater who sets up an equal to his Lord; from the second, swerving. Allah is not justice in the abstract; those who keep the Name read the verbal noun as intensive — a quality so entire in Him that its word is used of its Possessor. His word is complete in truth and justice, He commands justice, and the scales set for the Day wrong no soul at all. He has bound Himself: I have forbidden wrongdoing to Myself. The Name-form is contested and is not a Qurʼanic noun for Allah. Al-Ḥakam is the court; Al-ʻAdl is the measure it never departs from.

Root ʻ-d-l — evenness and equality; and, in the opposed sense, deviation

The Name-form is contested. It stands in the enumeration at at-Tirmidhī 3507, which is ḍaʻīf by al-Albānī, Aḥmad Shākir and Darussalam, and it is not a Qurʼanic noun for Allah; Ibn Ḥazm, Ibn al-Wazīr and Ibn ʻUthaymīn exclude it; Ibn Mājah 3861’s list carries Al-Muqsiṭ, Name 86, and not this Name. Those who keep it read the verbal noun as intensive. Computed from the Tanzil text, ʻ-d-l gives only twenty-eight words in twenty-four verses — a small count, and the reason the evidence here is built from the attribute, not the word. The root is predicated of Allah twice: at 6:115, wa ʻadlan, of His own word, and at 82:7, fa-ʻadalaka, of His shaping of man, where the readers divide and which is carried at Name 13. Three times the verb means the contrary — the disbelievers who set up an equal to their Lord, at 6:1, 6:150 and 27:60. The rest is what He commands or what people owe: bi-l-ʻadl six times, taʻdilū four, iʻdilū, fa-ʻdilū and li-aʻdila once each, yaʻdilūn of the just at 7:159 and 7:181, ʻadl a ransom at 2:48, 2:123 and 6:70, with taʻdil there, and an equivalent at 5:95, and two just men, judging there, witnessing at 5:106 and 65:2. Ibn Fāris: ʻayn, dāl and lām are two sound roots that stand opposed like contraries, one denoting evenness and the other crookedness; al-ʻadl among people is the approved man of even conduct; al-ʻadl is the ruling given by the even; a thing equal to a thing is its ʻidl — and the idolater, he says, sets his Lord level with another. On 16:90 aṭ-Ṭabarī glosses al-ʻadl as al-inṣāf, fairness, and Ibn Kathīr as al-qisṭ and the balancing. On 21:47 aṭ-Ṭabarī: the scales of al-ʻadl, which is al-qisṭ, the singular standing as the description of a plural. On 3:18 Ibn Kathīr: qāʼiman bi-l-qisṭ is a circumstantial accusative, and He is so in every state; and joining the witness of the angels and of the learned to His own is a great distinction for the learned. On 6:115 Qatādah, in Ibn Kathīr: truthful in what He said and just in what He ruled. On 55:7 Ibn Kathīr reads the mīzān as al-ʻadl, citing 57:25. Reports: Muslim 2577a; Muslim 2582; Muslim 1827; and on the Duʻāʼ page al-Bukhārī 834 with Muslim 2705b.

Story

Nadir was the inspector of weights in a large market, and his whole work came down to a set of brass measures he carried in a wooden case. He would arrive without warning, set his weight against the merchant’s, and watch the balance. A scale off by a hair’s breadth cheated a hundred poor customers a day, so a hair’s breadth was not a small thing to him.

He was not popular. He was, however, entirely predictable: the wealthy spice merchant got the same inspection as the widow selling eggs, and neither could buy a different result.

Once a year he carried the case to the capital himself, to have his own brass tested against the master standards kept there. He was never once found off, and he never skipped the journey. A younger inspector asked him why he bothered, with his reputation. “Because a man who checks everyone must himself be checked,” Nadir said, “or the whole market floats.”

The day came, as everyone had privately known it would, when the false weight was in his own son’s shop. It was a small fraud, easily hidden, easily forgiven by a father. Nadir stood in his son’s stall for a long moment with the two weights in his hands. Then he recorded it, fined him as he would have fined any man, and went home and did not eat.

His wife did not forgive him for a long while, which was harder than the son. She had grown up poor and thought the fine was cruelty dressed as principle, and she said so, once, and never again. They went on together for another twenty years. It sat in the house with them.

His son did not speak to him for two years. Then one evening he came up the stairs and sat down and asked to see the case. Nadir set it on the table and opened it. They went through the brass together, weight by weight, the small ones first, and neither of them said anything about the shop.

Poem

Until fairly recently, a single cylinder of metal sat in a vault,
under glass, untouched by daily use,
because every scale on Earth that called itself accurate
was accurate only in relation to that one cylinder.

Not the heaviest weight. Not the most impressive.
The exact one — the one every other kilogram, everywhere,
on every scale in every market stall,
was quietly answerable to,
whether the person weighing onions that morning
knew it existed or not.

Justice done by people is like this: a market scale,
adjusted and re-adjusted, sometimes honestly, sometimes thumbed a little,
in the seller’s favor, in the buyer’s favor,
in the favor of whoever was holding the scale that day.

Al-ʻAdl is not one more thumb on one more scale,
weighing in on one more side.
His is the fixed weight itself,
the one true measure
every human scale, however honest,
however careful,
is only ever
a copy of.

Reflection

The Weighing

A verdict is only as good as the standard it was weighed against. The last Name settled the case; this one asks the question every courtroom quietly depends on: measured by what? A crooked scale can be perfectly decisive. History is full of final rulings that were finally wrong — tribunals with all the authority and none of the balance. Al-Ḥakam without Al-ʻAdl would only be force with a verdict. So the two Names stand shoulder to shoulder in the enumeration: His is not only the last word, but the true weight.

Al-ʻAdl is justice not as His policy but as His attribute. Those who keep the Name read the verbal noun as intensive: not justice in the abstract, but a quality so entire in Him that its own word is used of its Possessor. And a ḥadīth qudsī, in a report from Abū Dharr, puts it in the first person: O My servants, He says, I have forbidden wrongdoing to Myself and made it forbidden among you — so do not wrong one another. Nothing above Him compels this; He binds Himself. Truly Allah does not wrong so much as an atom’s weight. Your Lord wrongs no one. Every fair act ever performed was fair by reference to Him.

But the ledger visibly does not balance here. Oppressors die comfortable; the wronged die waiting; whole categories of injustice never reach a docket at all. The Book does not deny this. It dates it. And We shall set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will be wronged in the least — the audit is scheduled, not canceled. And the Prophet ﷺ stated its precision, in a report from Abū Hurayrah, with a deliberately staggering example: on that Day, rights will be restored until the hornless sheep takes its due from the horned one. If the score between two sheep is on file, the score involving you was never lost. Nothing you suffered unjustly will go unweighed. Nothing you did unjustly will either — the Name’s mercy and its warning arrive in one motion.

The trace of this Name is a command with two hard rooms attached. Allah orders justice — and then the Qurʼan names where it costs. The first room has your enemy in it: let not the hatred of a people move you to be unjust. Be just — that is nearer to mindfulness of Allah. Fairness toward those you love is bookkeeping; fairness toward those you resent is worship. The second room has only you in it: stand firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even against yourselves. And the reward is scaled to the difficulty: the just, the Prophet ﷺ said, will be on pulpits of light — and he located their justice domestically: in their rulings, with their families, in what they are given charge of. The weights you keep at home, where no inspector ever comes, are the ones weighed first. The scales are exact; the Hand that holds them is also gentle — but gentleness is the next Name’s chapter.

Be just toward the resented and toward yourself; those weights are weighed first.

Qurʼan

وَنَضَعُ الْمَوَازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَا تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئًا ۖ وَإِن كَانَ مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ أَتَيْنَا بِهَا ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِنَا حَاسِبِينَ

And We shall set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will be wronged in the least. Even if it be the weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as reckoners.

21:47 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The Name is not a Qurʼanic noun for Allah; ʻadl and qisṭ stand as the standard He commands and enacts. Aṭ-Ṭabarī glosses al-mawāzīna l-qisṭ as the scales of al-ʻadl, and notes the grammar: qisṭ is singular and stands as the description of a plural, on the pattern of ʻadl, riḍā and naẓar, which are verbal nouns used as adjectives. He reads li-yawmi l-qiyāmah as for the people of that Day. The tolerance of the scale is stated in absolute terms — not fine, but exact: a mustard seed’s weight is brought, and no soul is wronged in anything.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ وَإِيتَاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ

Truly Allah commands justice, excellence, and giving to relatives.

16:90 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The word of the Name in the first thing commanded. Aṭ-Ṭabarī glosses al-ʻadl as al-inṣāf, fairness, and reads the verse as commanding it in this Book sent down to the Prophet ﷺ. Ibn Kathīr glosses it as al-qisṭ and the balancing, and reads iḥsān as what is recommended beyond it, setting beside it 16:126 and 42:40, where the repayment of a wrong with its like is justice and the pardon is the excellence. Justice is the floor here and the excellence the thing built on it, which is the same order 4:40 sets at Name 86.

شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وَأُولُو الْعِلْمِ قَائِمًا بِالْقِسْطِ

Allah bears witness that there is no god but He — as do the angels and those possessed of knowledge — upholding justice.

3:18 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Qāʼiman bi-l-qisṭ: upholding justice given as a description of Him and not merely of His rulings. Ibn Kathīr parses it as a circumstantial accusative and says He is so in every state; and he notes that the witness of the angels and of those given knowledge is joined to His own witness, which he calls a great distinction for the learned. The verse is shared with Names 63 and 86; Name 86 reads it for al-Muqsiṭ.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَاءَ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ عَلَىٰ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا ۚ اعْدِلُوا هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ

O you who believe, be steadfast for Allah, witnesses in justice; and let not the hatred of a people move you to be unjust. Be just — that is nearer to mindfulness of Allah.

5:8 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Justice commanded precisely where it is hardest to give: toward the people one has reason to resent. The clause aʻdilū huwa aqrabu li-t-taqwā makes fairness toward an enemy a matter of taqwā rather than of temperament. Ibn Kathīr, under the verse, gives the report of an-Nuʻmān ibn Bashīr, whose father sought the Prophet’s ﷺ witness to a gift made to one son alone and was told to fear Allah and deal justly among his children, and that he would not bear witness to a wrong — so the father took the gift back. The command is set first against an enemy and then, in the report, inside a household.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ بِالْقِسْطِ شُهَدَاءَ لِلَّهِ وَلَوْ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوِ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ

O you who believe, stand firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even against yourselves or parents and close relatives.

4:135 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The companion verse to 5:8, turned inward. Between the two, the standard is stated against both the disliked and the beloved — the two directions in which testimony ordinarily bends. Here the witness is told to give it even against himself, his parents and his nearest kin, and the verse goes on to warn against following desire so as to swerve, as aṭ-Ṭabarī reads it, of inclining in testimony, where Ibn Kathīr reads the leaving of justice; the root of that swerving, taʻdilū, late in 4:135, is this Name’s own word used of the failure rather than of the standard.

وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا ۚ لَّا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ

And the word of your Lord is complete in truth and justice. There is no changer of His words — and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.

6:115 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Wa ʻadlan, said of His own word: one of only two places in the Qurʼan where the Name’s root is predicated of Allah or of something of His, the other being 82:7, which is carried at Name 13. The other loci here give ʻadl as what He commands (16:90, 4:58) or commands of us (5:8, 4:135), and 3:18 gives qisṭ rather than ʻadl. Aṭ-Ṭabarī reads kalimatu rabbika as the Qurʼan, called a kalimah as the Arabs call a poem the kalimah of its poet. Qatādah, in Ibn Kathīr: truthful in what He said and just in what He ruled; and Ibn Kathīr: everything He reported is true beyond doubt, everything He commanded is the justice beside which there is no justice, and everything He forbade is falsehood, since He forbids only what corrupts. The verse stands immediately after 6:114, which is carried at Name 28: the court is named, and the measure it is bound to follows in the next āyah. It closes on two further Names, as-Samīʻ and al-ʻAlīm.

وَالسَّمَاءَ رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ الْمِيزَانَ ۝ أَلَّا تَطْغَوْا فِي الْمِيزَانِ ۝ وَأَقِيمُوا الْوَزْنَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَلَا تُخْسِرُوا الْمِيزَانَ

And the sky He raised, and He set the balance — so that you would not transgress in the balance. And uphold the weighing with justice, and do not fall short in the balance.

55:7–9 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

One word, al-mīzān, used three times in three verses and moving from the heavens to the marketplace without changing. Ibn Kathīr reads the mīzān set at 55:7 as al-ʻadl, citing 57:25, where the messengers are sent with the Book and the Balance so that people may uphold justice: He created the heavens and the earth in truth and justice, so that all things should stand by truth and justice — and therefore, he says, comes the command not to transgress in the balance and to uphold the weighing. The order is the argument: the standard is set in the sky before anyone is told not to tamper with it in a shop. 57:25 is carried at Name 53, for the iron sent down in the same verse.

وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُم بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَن تَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ نِعِمَّا يَعِظُكُم بِهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا

And when you judge between people, that you judge with justice. Truly Allah gives you the best of counsel in it. Truly Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.

4:58 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The Name’s own word joined to the act of Name 28: judge, and judge by this. Ibn Kathīr reads it as a command from Allah to judge among people with justice, and reports Muḥammad ibn Kaʻb, Zayd ibn Aslam and Shahr ibn Ḥawshab that the verse came down concerning those in authority; on the first half of the verse, about trusts restored to their owners, he gives Ibn ʻAbbās and Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyyah that it is for the upright and the corrupt alike, an order to everyone. The close is the pair of Names 26 and 27, so that the command to judge justly is sealed by the two Names of perception.

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ ۖ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ يَعْدِلُونَ

Praise be to Allah, who created the heavens and the earth and made the darknesses and the light — yet those who disbelieve set up equals to their Lord.

6:1 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The Name’s own verb in its opposed sense, and one of the three places it carries it, with 6:150 and 27:60. Ibn Kathīr: with all of this, some of His servants disbelieved in Him and set up beside Him a partner and an equal, and took for Him a consort and a child. Ibn Fāris gives the same usage under the first half of the root, the level: the idolater sets another level with his Lord. Aṭ-Ṭabarī reads the verse as an argument put to the deniers from what they themselves live on. The verse is carried here because the root will not let the Name be read loosely: the same letters that name the measure name the act of putting something beside Him on the scale.

Dua

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي ظُلْمًا كَثِيرًا وَلَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَغْفِرَةً مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَارْحَمْنِي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ

O Allah, I have wronged myself greatly, and none forgives sins but You. So forgive me with forgiveness from Yourself, and have mercy on me — truly You are the Much-Forgiving, the Merciful.

al-Bukhārī 834 · ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh)

Taught to Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq for use in the prayer, from ʻAbdullāh ibn ʻAmr ibn al-ʻĀṣ. It is a supplication made to perfect justice, and it does not dispute the reckoning: it concedes the wrong, then asks for forgiveness min ʻindika — from Your side — rather than from the scale. The wording varies by route, and the variation is kept here rather than smoothed: al-Bukhārī 834 carries ẓulman kathīran, which is what is printed above; Muslim 2705a reads ẓulman kabīran in its own primary text, with kathīran noted there only as the narrator Qutaybah’s variant within that same chain; and Muslim 2705b, through ʻAmr ibn al-Ḥārith and a man Ibn Wahb named, from Yazīd ibn Abī Ḥabīb, where it meets al-Layth’s route, gives it as in al-Layth’s wording, save that it reads ẓulman kathīran. The same supplication stands at Name 2, for the Name it closes on.

Hadith

يَا عِبَادِي إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الظُّلْمَ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِي وَجَعَلْتُهُ بَيْنَكُمْ مُحَرَّمًا فَلَا تَظَالَمُوا … يَا عِبَادِي إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ أُحْصِيهَا لَكُمْ ثُمَّ أُوَفِّيكُمْ إِيَّاهَا فَمَن وَجَدَ خَيْرًا فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَمَن وَجَدَ غَيْرَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ

O My servants, I have forbidden wrongdoing to Myself and made it forbidden among you — so do not wrong one another. … O My servants, these are only your deeds, which I record for you and then repay you in full. So whoever finds good, let him praise Allah; and whoever finds otherwise, let him blame none but himself.

Muslim 2577a · ṣaḥīḥ (ḥadīth qudsī)

A ḥadīth qudsī, from Abū Dharr al-Ghifārī. Ḥarramtu ẓ-ẓulma ʻalā nafsī — wrongdoing made impossible not by an external constraint but by His own act, which is the difference between a judge who is bound and a judge who is just. The two clauses quoted are the two ends of a long report: it opens by forbidding wrongdoing and closes by saying the deeds are the servants’ own, counted for them and repaid in full, so that whoever finds good praises Allah and whoever finds otherwise blames only himself. Between the ends stand the clauses on guidance, food, clothing and forgiveness, on harm and benefit beyond His servants’ reach, on the most pious and the most wicked heart, and on all of them asking on one plain. The report is shared with Names 16, 88 and 94, each of which carries other clauses of it; Name 16 takes its giving clauses where this page takes its justice clauses.

لَتُؤَدُّنَّ الْحُقُوقَ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّىٰ يُقَادَ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَلْحَاءِ مِنَ الشَّاةِ الْقَرْنَاءِ

Rights will certainly be restored to those entitled to them on the Day of Resurrection — until even the hornless sheep takes its due from the horned one.

Muslim 2582 · ṣaḥīḥ

From Abū Hurayrah. The example is chosen for its smallness: a grievance between two animals, unrecorded and unactionable anywhere in this world, is stated to be on the docket. Yuqādu is the verb of qiṣāṣ, retaliation, so what is described is not a general settling but the taking of a specific due by the party entitled to it. The scale is exact at a resolution below anything a court could reach, which is the answer the page gives to the ledger that visibly does not balance here.

إِنَّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَلَىٰ مَنَابِرَ مِنْ نُورٍ … الَّذِينَ يَعْدِلُونَ فِي حُكْمِهِمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ وَمَا وَلُوا

The equitable will be with Allah upon pulpits of light … those who are just in their rulings, with their families, and in what they are given charge of.

Muslim 1827 · ṣaḥīḥ

From ʻAbdullāh ibn ʻAmr ibn al-ʻĀṣ — not Ibn ʻUmar, though some English renderings print the latter; the Arabic chain reads ʻAmr. The word is al-muqsiṭīn, from qisṭ, which is Name 86’s root rather than this one’s, and the report is shared with that Name. The three domains named are public ruling, household and trust, and the last two are unobserved, which is where the Name is actually tested. The report gives the pulpits of light as standing at the right of ar-Raḥmān, so that the reward named for justice is nearness; that clause, and after it wa-kiltā yadayhi yamīn, stand in the source between the pulpits and alladhīna yaʻdilūn, as Name 86 prints them, and the ellipsis above is where they fall.

Study Notes

Verified — enumerated; contested Name-form, attribute well-attested

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CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: NINE ayat, and the count is high precisely because the Name-form is not Qurʼānic — the evidence has to be built from the attribute. The Name-form stands in the enumeration at at-Tirmidhī 3507, which is ḍaʻīf by al-Albānī, Aḥmad Shākir and Darussalam, and Ibn Ḥazm, Ibn al-Wazīr and Ibn ʻUthaymīn exclude it, the last preferring Al-Muqsiṭ, Name 86 (his list carries neither, and Ibn Mājah 3861’s carries Al-Muqsiṭ and not this Name: corrected in build 182, by the author’s decision, A38). 21:47, the scales at which no soul is wronged by a seed’s weight, now with aṭ-Ṭabarī on the gloss and on the grammar of qisṭ standing as the description of a plural; 16:90, now with aṭ-Ṭabarī on al-inṣāf and Ibn Kathīr on al-qisṭ and the balancing, with 16:126 and 42:40 beside it; 3:18, SHARED WITH NAMES 63 AND 86, now with Ibn Kathīr on the circumstantial accusative and on the distinction the verse gives the learned; 5:8, SHARED WITH NAME 63, now with the report of an-Nuʻmān ibn Bashīr that Ibn Kathīr gives under it; 4:135, SHARED WITH NAME 63, now reading the closing taʻdilū as the Name’s own word used of the failure; 6:115, whose note is rebuilt.

ADDED: 55:7–9, where one word, al-mīzān, stands three times and travels from the sky to the marketplace without changing, with Ibn Kathīr reading the mīzān as al-ʻadl and citing 57:25; 4:58, the Name’s word joined to the act of Name 28, with Ibn Kathīr; and 6:1, THE NAME’S OWN VERB IN ITS OPPOSED SENSE, with Ibn Kathīr and Ibn Fāris. All three are appended, the other sub-items keep their positions, and the distinct Qurʼan-page verse count in Notes on This Edition moves from 368 to 371.

NAMED HERE BUT NOT CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: 82:7, carried at Name 13; 6:114, carried at Name 28; 57:25, carried at Name 53; 4:40, carried at Name 86; 6:150, 27:60, 2:48, 2:123, 6:70, 5:106, 65:2, 16:126, 7:159 and 7:181, all carried at NO Name; 42:40, carried at Name 82; 5:95, carried at Name 81.

CORRECTED ON THE RECORD, THE COUNTS: computed from the Tanzil text with strip, ʻ-d-l gives only 28 words in 24 verses, which is a small count for a Name of this weight and is itself the reason this page carries nine ayat.

THE ROOT IS PREDICATED OF ALLAH TWICE: 6:115, wa ʻadlan, of His word, and 82:7, fa-ʻadalaka, of His shaping of man, where the readers divide and which is carried at Name 13. THREE TIMES THE VERB MEANS THE CONTRARY — 6:1, 6:150 and 27:60, of those who set up an equal to their Lord. The rest is what He commands or what people owe: bi-l-ʻadl six times, taʻdilū four, and iʻdilū, fa-ʻdilū and li-aʻdila once each; yaʻdilūn twice more, at 7:159 and 7:181, of a community that guides by the truth and by it acts justly; ʻadl as a ransom at 2:48, 2:123 and 6:70, where the verb taʻdil stands beside it, and as an equivalent at 5:95; and two just men, who judge at 5:95 and witness at 5:106 and 65:2 (corrected in build 154).

CORRECTED, THE ROOT: the gloss said balance, equity, straightness, which gives only one half of the root. IBN FĀRIS DIVIDES ʻAYN-DĀL-LĀM IN TWO AND CALLS THE TWO HALVES OPPOSED LIKE CONTRARIES: one denotes evenness, the other crookedness — and he names the idolater who sets his Lord level with another as an instance of the second (his entry, on the islamweb text, files the idolater under the first, the level, and the second is swerving: corrected in build 182, by the author’s decision, A37). The gloss now follows him with glossBasis ref, and a senseNote is added giving the halves and the senses that are not the Name’s.

READ: Ibn Fāris in full on the islamweb transcription. NOT READ for this root: Lisān al-ʻArab, al-Jawharī, al-Fayyūmī, ar-Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī and az-Zabīdī, and nothing is claimed from them.

CORRECTED, THE DESC: it gave the root as one thing when the lexicon gives two; it said His law, His creation and His decree hold a single equilibrium, which no source here states; and it carried the ḥadīth qudsī without naming a Companion.

CORRECTED, THE REF: it carried the long citation forms Jāmiʻ at-Tirmidhī 3507 and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2577a, both now in house form; it gave no count, no lexicon and no commentator, and it did not state the grades of 3507.

CORRECTED, THE QURʼAN NOTES: five of the six carried no commentator, and the note at 6:115 carried a production remark naming the Meaning page and two runs of capitals, all removed. ONE duʻāʼ, SHARED WITH NAME 2.

CORRECTED, AND THIS IS THE HOUSEKEEPING FAULT THIS PASS CAME FOR: ITS SOURCE FIELD HELD AN ESSAY — sixty words on the wording of three routes, sitting where a citation belongs, and the identical string stood at Name 2. Both now read al-Bukhārī 834; Muslim 2705b, which is the pair of numbers that carries the wording actually printed, and the apparatus is moved into the notes at both Names, with Muslim 2705a’s ẓulman kabīran and Qutaybah’s variant stated there. Name 2 is edited for that reason alone; its own reading of the supplication is untouched. THREE aḥādīth, all ṣaḥīḥ, and two of the three shared. Muslim 2577a, SHARED WITH NAMES 16, 88 AND 94 (named in build 154): its note now names Abū Dharr, states that the two clauses printed are the two ends of a long report, and says what stands between them. Muslim 2582: its note now gives yuqāda as the verb of qiṣāṣ, so that what is described is the taking of a specific due and not a general settling. Muslim 1827, SHARED WITH NAME 86: its note keeps the correction about the Companion and now states that al-muqsiṭīn is from qisṭ, which is Name 86’s root and not this one’s.

MEDS 29: three occurrences of the tradition are replaced — the two Names now stand shoulder to shoulder in the enumeration, the ḥadīth qudsī is attributed to Abū Dharr, and the sheep report to Abū Hurayrah; the superlative calling it the most extraordinary sentence ever spoken about power is dropped, since no source supports it.

POEMS 29: one line said the ruling fell in whoever’s favor happened to be holding the scale, which trips the book’s own check on that phrase and is reworded. CH 29 checked and unchanged.

OPEN: 6:150 and 27:60, the other two places the verb carries the contrary sense, are carried at no Name; 42:15, where the Prophet ﷺ is commanded to do justice, li-aʻdila, likewise; 6:152, whose fa-ʻdilū is the one remaining imperative, is carried at Name 86 since that Name’s pass (corrected in build 154).

OPEN: whether Al-Muqsiṭ at Name 86 should carry a cross-reference to this page in its own rootRelation, since the two Names are read together by those who exclude this one — closed below, on the author’s decision.

AUDIT: the 28 was taken by matching every word whose consonants run ʻayn, dāl, lām in that order with at most one weak letter between them, which returns no look-alikes in this root.

COHERENCE: Name 2 is edited once, in the source field of the supplication it shares with this Name, and in the note that explains it; Names 13, 16, 53 and 86 are named here and are not edited.

AFTER NAME 81: 5:95 is now carried at Name 81, and the NAMED line says so.

AFTER NAME 82: 42:40 is now carried at Name 82 too, and this note says so.

AFTER NAME 86: 21:47 is now carried at Name 86 too, with the same Arabic and English, and linked exactly both ways; Muslim 1827 at Name 86 has new English for its own page.

AFTER NAME 88: Name 88 carries another portion of Muslim 2577a, from all of you are hungry to the most wicked heart, linked both ways. AFTER THE CHAT-END AUDIT OF 1–99: the capitalised runs in the desc and the ref are set in lower case, the words unchanged.

ON THE AUTHOR’S DECISION, THE CROSS-REFERENCE: the author has settled the question Name 29’s OPEN section raised. Al-Muqsiṭ and Al-ʻAdl now point at each other with the rootRelation status distinct-explicit, which is what Names 58 and 95 carry for the one other pair in the book that a reader needs told about — two Names of different roots that are taken for one another. q-s-ṭ and ʻ-d-l are unrelated and neither page pretends otherwise; what ties them is that those who leave Al-ʻAdl out of the ninety-nine put Al-Muqsiṭ in its place. The link is reciprocal, as every other relation in the book is, and the evidence sits in each ref rather than each desc, because both descs stand within four tokens of the ceiling. The ref here gains one clause: some enumerations put Al-Muqsiṭ in this place. The item is closed.

IN BUILD 154, FROM THE PHASE 2 READING: the ref and the counts above give the whole partition of the 28 — yaʻdilūn of the just at 7:159 and 7:181, now in the named line, taʻdil beside the ransom at 6:70, the equivalent at 5:95 — and the two just men as judges at 5:95 and witnesses at 5:106 and 65:2; the ref’s count sentence gives up the words the partition needed. The carried line names Name 63 for 3:18, 5:8 and 4:135, and the ḥadīth line Names 88 and 94 for Muslim 2577a, whose note now names every clause between its ends. The duʻāʼ note gives Muslim 2705b’s route in its order, meeting al-Layth’s at Yazīd; the note on Muslim 1827 names both clauses its ellipsis drops and no longer narrates the page; the 6:115 note gives Ibn Kathīr his own gloss after Qatādah’s words; the 4:135 note gives the swerving to aṭ-Ṭabarī, with Ibn Kathīr’s reading beside it. The first OPEN item is set right and the second marked closed. Waiting on the author: the reflection’s quotations (A36), Ibn Fāris’s placement of the idolater (A37), Ibn ʻUthaymīn’s list (A38) and the status line (A39).

BY THE AUTHOR’S DECISIONS OF 2026-09-25, IN BUILD 182: MEDS 29 quotes Muslim 2577a, the atom’s weight, 21:47 and 5:8 in the book’s English, its framing kept, and the sheep’s due is from the horned one (A36); the desc, the senseNote, the 6:1 note and the line above give Ibn Fāris’s placement of the idolater under the first half of the root, and swerving as the second (A37); the ref names Ibn Mājah 3861’s list, which carries Al-Muqsiṭ and not this Name, and drops its closing sentence, and the line above says Ibn ʻUthaymīn’s list carries neither (A38); the status line reads Verified — enumerated; contested Name-form, attribute well-attested (A39); Muslim 1827’s shared words take Name 86’s the equitable, that Name’s own word, and this page keeps its English for the rest, which Name 86 takes (A23).

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