The Ninety-Nine Names99 Names, home
Name 23 of 99
الرافع

The Exalter

Ar-Rāfiʻ

The unsigned stone — a raising the man raised never saw.

Meaning

From r-f-ʻ, the opposite of lowering: to raise and lift up. Ar-Rāfiʻ is the One who raises whom He wills in degrees, and raises the deed He accepts. The Qurʼan gives His act, raising the heavens, some above others in degrees, and ʻĪsā to Himself, and calls Him rafīʻ ad-darajāt, read as exalted in rank or as the Raiser of degrees. A sound report gives His verb, raising peoples by the Book, and the Name-form stands in a list whose chain is weak. Degrees given in this world are a trial, and above every possessor of knowledge is one more knowing. The Name stands beside Al-Khāfiḍ, the Abaser, and borders Al-Muʻizz, the Bestower of Honor. It asks the servant to humble himself for Allah and to seek the degrees of faith and knowledge.

Root r-f-ʻ — to raise and lift up, the opposite of putting down

The definite Name does not occur in the Qurʼan. Computed from the Tanzil text, r-f-ʻ gives 29 words in 29 verses. Allah is the subject in 18: the mount raised over the Children of Israel at 2:63, 2:93 and 4:154; ʻĪsā raised at 3:55 and 4:158; degrees at 2:253, 6:83, 6:165, 12:76, 43:32 and 58:11; the heavens at 13:2, 55:7 and 79:28; Idrīs at 19:57; the one He would have raised by the signs at 7:176; the Prophet’s ﷺ remembrance at 94:4; and rafīʻ ad-darajāt at 40:15. The subject is disputed at 35:10; it is the Event at 56:3; people raise at 2:127, 12:100 and 49:2; and things raised stand in the passive at 24:36, 52:5, 56:34, 80:14, 88:13 and 88:18. The Name-form stands in the list at at-Tirmidhī 3507, graded ḍaʻīf by al-Albānī, Aḥmad Shākir and Darussalam, and in the list at Ibn Mājah 3861; the verb with Allah as its subject is in Muslim 179a, carried at Name 22, Muslim 817a, Muslim 2588 and Abū Dāwūd 3450, bal Allāhu yakhfiḍu wa-yarfaʻ. Al-Jawharī: rafʻ is the opposite of waḍʻ, putting down. Al-Fayyūmī: rafaʻa llāhu ʻamalahu means He accepted it; raising is literal in bodies and taken by its context in meanings. On 40:15 al-Qurṭubī: exalted in attributes; or, for Ibn ʻAbbās, al-Kalbī and Saʻīd ibn Jubayr, the degrees are the seven heavens; or, for Yaḥyā ibn Sallām, it is His raising of His friends’ degrees in the Garden, rafīʻ then meaning rāfiʻ. On 35:10 aṭ-Ṭabarī, with Ibn ʻAbbās and Shahr ibn Ḥawshab: the righteous deed raises the good word. On 12:76 aṭ-Ṭabarī: above Yūsuf is one more knowing, until it ends with Allah; Ibn ʻAbbās: Allah is the Knowing, above every knower. On 58:11 Ibn Kathīr: whoever humbles himself to the command of Allah, Allah raises his worth and spreads his mention. On 94:4 Mujāhid, in Ibn Kathīr: I am not mentioned but you are mentioned with Me.

Story

For thirty years Bashir cut stone in a quarry, and nobody knew his name. The great dome rising in the capital was famous across the world; the master builder who designed it was famous; the caliph who paid for it was famous. The man who had shaped, by hand, the stones that held the whole weight of it up was not. He had never even seen the dome he was holding aloft.

He did not cut a poor stone for that. He set each block true whether anyone checked it or not. He was paid little, praised never, and he went on cutting.

Twice he had been offered easier work — hauling, then a foreman’s job on the cheap-stone contracts — and twice he had said no, for reasons he could not properly explain to his wife, who wanted the money and was not wrong to want it. They did not speak for a fortnight after the second time. He went on cutting, and the argument was never settled, only outlived.

The dome was finished without ceremony from Bashir. He was not invited to the opening, which he had not expected, nor told the date of it, which he had not asked. In the quarry, he learned of the completion the way the quarry always learned things — a traveler passing through mentioned it was done, and the men stopped to hear it, and then went back to work.

That was all he ever had of it: a second-hand report, in a quarry, from someone passing through. The dome stood on his stones, and he knew it stood, and that was the complete thing he possessed of the great work of his time.

His wife asked him, that evening, if he wished he had gone. He thought about it for a while. “I only ever saw the stone in front of me,” he said. “I expect the dome looks the way I thought it would.”

She asked what he had thought it would look like. He described it to her in some detail. She told him, later, that he had been mostly right.

Poem

A solid block of steel sinks the instant it meets water. Every time.

Shape that same steel hollow — thin walls, empty at the center,
nothing inside but air and room —
and it will carry four hundred people and their luggage
clean across an ocean, riding high, untroubled, on the exact water
that would have swallowed it whole as a solid block.

The steel did not get lighter. It weighs what it always weighed.
What changed was the shape of what it was willing to hold empty.

This is not the story people expect: that rising takes more mass,
a taller tower, a louder claim.

Sometimes what rises is the one who emptied out the most —
made room inside themselves for something other than themselves,
and found, in that hollowed space,
exactly enough
to carry the whole weight
of being lifted.

Ar-Rāfiʻ is not a ladder for the ambitious.
The hull floats by the measure He set in water,
and the one who humbles himself for Allah,
Allah raises —
the ones who make room
are the ones
lifted.

Reflection

The Raising

Somewhere in your years there is work no one clapped for: the blocks set true with nobody checking, the person you carried who never learned your weight was under them, the decade that built someone else’s dome. The room’s applause went elsewhere, and some part of you has been quietly keeping the bill ever since.

Ar-Rāfiʻ is the Exalter, and He does not wait for the room. The Prophet ﷺ said, in a report from Abū Hurayrah, that angels come to you in succession by night and by day and gather at the dawn and afternoon prayers, and those who spent the night among you ascend, and He asks them — though He knows them best — how they left His servants; and they say: we left them praying, and we came to them while they were praying. And the Qurʼan says: To Him ascends the good word, and the righteous deed raises it. Ibn ʻAbbās read it so: a remembrance made while the obligations are kept is carried up on them.

And when He raises people, the Qurʼan names them: Allah raises in rank those of you who believe and those who have been given knowledge. Faith and knowledge, named. Then the same Book sets a limit on every knower: above every possessor of knowledge is one more knowing — so no floor you reach was ever the top. He raises, and He is above all He raises.

The trace of this Name is the raising of names. Somewhere in the story you tell, a person has gone unmentioned who held the weight — say them. Credit the uncredited; ask the room who cut the stone; when the dead are spoken of, add the good you knew, and ask for them what the Prophet ﷺ asked for Abū Salamah: raise his degree. It costs a sentence. And if your own raising comes — the title, the room, the height — read what the Qurʼan wrote into it: He raised some of you above others in degrees, to test you in what He has given you. The tight day, the wide day, the lowered season, the lifted one: four weathers, one test, one Lord.

They left them praying, and came to them praying; be found that way.

Qurʼan

إِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا عِيسَىٰ إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَيَّ

When Allah said: O ʻĪsā, I am taking you and raising you to Myself.

3:55 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Rāfiʻuka, the active participle of the Name’s root, used of Allah without the article. Ibn Kathīr records that the commentators differ over mutawaffīka: Qatādah reads the verse as putting first what comes after, I am raising you to Me and will take you later; ʻAlī ibn Abī Ṭalḥah reports from Ibn ʻAbbās, causing you to die; Maṭar al-Warrāq takes it as taking him from the world without death, and aṭ-Ṭabarī likewise that his taking is his raising; and most take it as sleep. He cites with it 4:158: rather, Allah raised him to Himself. Aṭ-Ṭabarī himself judges the soundest reading to be I am taking you from the earth and raising you to Myself, the reports of ʻĪsā ibn Maryam’s descent to kill the Dajjāl being widely transmitted.

يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ

Allah raises in rank those of you who believe and those who have been given knowledge.

58:11 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Ibn Kathīr: do not think that making room for a brother in a gathering, or rising when told to, is a loss to you, for it is a raising and a distinction with Allah, who does not let it go to waste; whoever humbles himself to the command of Allah, Allah raises his worth and spreads his mention. The degrees are named for those who believe and those who have been given knowledge.

رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ ذُو الْعَرْشِ يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ

Exalted in rank, Lord of the Throne — He casts the spirit of His command upon whom He wills among His servants.

40:15 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Rafīʻ ad-darajāt, the root in the pattern faʻīl. Al-Qurṭubī: exalted in attributes, the One than whom none is higher in rank; Ibn ʻAbbās, al-Kalbī and Saʻīd ibn Jubayr take the degrees as the seven heavens; and Yaḥyā ibn Sallām takes it as His raising of His friends’ degrees in the Garden, rafīʻ then meaning rāfiʻ, the one who raises. Aṭ-Ṭabarī reads dhū l-ʻarsh as the Possessor of the Throne that encompasses what is beneath it.

إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعُهُ

To Him ascends the good word, and the righteous deed raises it.

35:10 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The root with a disputed subject. Aṭ-Ṭabarī: to Allah ascends the servant’s remembrance and praise of Him, and his righteous deed, acting in obedience and fulfilling the obligations, raises that remembrance to Him; he gives the reading from Ibn ʻAbbās, that whoever remembers Allah while fulfilling His obligations has his remembrance carried up on them, and from Shahr ibn Ḥawshab. Al-Qurṭubī records it with Mujāhid, and records also that the sentence may stop at the good word, the rest meaning that Allah raises the righteous deed, or that the deed raises its doer.

نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَّن نَّشَاءُ ۗ وَفَوْقَ كُلِّ ذِي عِلْمٍ عَلِيمٌ

We raise in degrees whom We will — and above every possessor of knowledge is one more knowing.

12:76 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

From the account of Yūsuf and his brother. Aṭ-Ṭabarī: Yūsuf was more knowing than his brothers, and above Yūsuf is one more knowing than he, until it ends with Allah. Ibn ʻAbbās, in aṭ-Ṭabarī, answering a man who quoted the verse: Allah is the Knowing, and He is above every knower.

وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَائِفَ الْأَرْضِ وَرَفَعَ بَعْضَكُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ لِّيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي مَا آتَاكُمْ

He it is who made you successors on the earth and raised some of you above others in degrees, to test you in what He has given you.

6:165 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Ibn Kathīr: He made you successors on the earth, generation after generation, and raised some above others, making you differ in provisions and characters, in good qualities and bad, in appearances and colours, and His is the wisdom in it; he sets it beside 43:32 and 17:21. The raising is joined to its purpose: to test you in what He has given you.

وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ

And We raised your remembrance for you.

94:4 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Rafaʻnā, the Name’s verb in the first person plural, addressed to the Prophet ﷺ after 94:2–3 name the burden removed. Ibn Kathīr gives Mujāhid: I am not mentioned but you are mentioned with Me, I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I bear witness that Muḥammad ﷺ is the Messenger of Allah; and Qatādah: Allah raised his mention in this world and the next, for there is no preacher, no one making the testimony and no one praying but calls with it.

وَتِلْكَ حُجَّتُنَا آتَيْنَاهَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ ۚ نَرْفَعُ دَرَجَاتٍ مَّن نَّشَاءُ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ

And that was Our argument, which We gave Ibrāhīm against his people. We raise in degrees whom We will; truly your Lord is Wise, Knowing.

6:83 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The verb of 12:76 in the account of Ibrāhīm. Ibn Kathīr: Our argument is his word to his people on which party is more deserving of security, which Allah confirmed; the verse is read with and without the construct, darajāti man and darajātin man, both close in meaning; Wise in His acts and words, Knowing of whom He guides and whom He leaves astray.

وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَرَفَعْنَاهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُ أَخْلَدَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ

And had We willed, We would have raised him by them; but he clung to the earth and followed his desire.

7:176 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The root in a condition left unfulfilled. Ibn Kathīr: had We willed, We would have raised him by the signs We gave him above the defilement of this world; but he inclined to the earth, to the adornment and bloom of this world, turned to its pleasures and was deceived by it. The verse continues with the likeness of the panting dog.

Dua

اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَارْفَعْ دَرَجَتَهُ فِي الْمَهْدِيِّينَ وَاخْلُفْهُ فِي عَقِبِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلَهُ يَا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَافْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَنَوِّرْ لَهُ فِيهِ

O Allah, forgive Abū Salamah and raise his degree among those who are guided; be a successor to him for those he leaves behind. Forgive us and him, Lord of the Worlds; make his grave spacious for him, and give him light in it.

Muslim 920a · ṣaḥīḥ

From Umm Salamah: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came in to Abū Salamah as his sight had fixed, closed his eyes, and said that when the soul is taken the sight follows it; some of his household cried out, and he told them to pray for nothing but good, for the angels say āmīn to what they say; then he said this. Wa-rfaʻ darajatahu, raise his degree, is the Name’s verb asked of Allah. Muslim 920b has wa-khlufhu fī tarikatih, succeed him in what he left, and allāhumma awsiʻ lahu fī qabrih, and Khālid al-Ḥadhdhāʼ says he forgot a seventh supplication.

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَاجْبُرْنِي وَارْزُقْنِي وَارْفَعْنِي

My Lord, forgive me, have mercy on me, mend me, provide for me, and raise me.

Ibn Mājah 898 · ṣaḥīḥ (al-Albānī); ḍaʻīf (Darussalam)

From Ibn ʻAbbās: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say it between the two prostrations in the night prayer. Wa-rfaʻnī, raise me, is the Name’s verb asked of Allah. At-Tirmidhī 284, carried at Name 9, gives the same report through Kāmil Abū l-ʻAlāʼ with allāhumma, wa-hdinī in place of wa-rfaʻnī, and no mention of the night prayer; the graders divide over the chain.

Hadith

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْفَعُ بِهَذَا الْكِتَابِ أَقْوَامًا وَيَضَعُ بِهِ آخَرِينَ

Truly Allah raises peoples by this Book and lowers others by it.

Muslim 817a · ṣaḥīḥ

From ʻĀmir ibn Wāthilah: Nāfiʻ ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥārith, ʻUmar’s governor over Makkah, met him at ʻUsfān; asked whom he had left over the people of the valley, he named Ibn Abzā, a freed slave of theirs, and when ʻUmar asked whether he had put a freed slave over them, said that he was a reciter of the Book of Allah and knew the shares of inheritance. ʻUmar answered with the Prophet’s ﷺ words. Yarfaʻu is the Name’s verb with Allah as its subject; Muslim 817b gives the same through Shuʻayb from az-Zuhrī.

وَمَا تَوَاضَعَ أَحَدٌ لِلَّهِ إِلَّا رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ

And no one humbles himself for Allah but that Allah raises him.

Muslim 2588 · ṣaḥīḥ

From Abū Hurayrah: the last of three sayings, after charity not diminishing wealth and Allah increasing a servant for pardoning only in honor; the report is carried in full at Names 24 and 82. Rafaʻahu llāh is the Name’s verb with Allah as its subject. The report does not say where the raising comes.

يَتَعَاقَبُونَ فِيكُمْ مَلَائِكَةٌ بِاللَّيْلِ وَمَلَائِكَةٌ بِالنَّهَارِ وَيَجْتَمِعُونَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ يَعْرُجُ الَّذِينَ بَاتُوا فِيكُمْ فَيَسْأَلُهُمْ وَهْوَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِمْ كَيْفَ تَرَكْتُمْ عِبَادِي فَيَقُولُونَ تَرَكْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ وَأَتَيْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ

Angels come to you in succession by night and by day, and they gather at the dawn prayer and the afternoon prayer. Then those who spent the night among you ascend, and He asks them — though He knows them best — how did you leave My servants? They say: we left them praying, and we came to them while they were praying.

al-Bukhārī 555 · ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh)

From Abū Hurayrah; the wording is al-Bukhārī’s, and Muslim 632a has fa-yasʼaluhum rabbuhum, their Lord asks them. The verb is yaʻruju, they ascend, not the Name’s root, and the report is carried as nearest in meaning: the angels who spent the night among the servants ascend and are asked, by the One who knows them best, how they left His servants. It speaks of the dawn and afternoon prayers, not of every deed.

Study Notes

Verified — derived; participle attested

ShowHide the Study Notes (1,464 words)

CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: NINE ayat. 3:55, with Ibn Kathīr, Qatādah, Ibn ʻAbbās, Maṭar al-Warrāq and aṭ-Ṭabarī; 58:11, with Ibn Kathīr; 40:15, with al-Qurṭubī, Ibn ʻAbbās, al-Kalbī, Saʻīd ibn Jubayr, Yaḥyā ibn Sallām and aṭ-Ṭabarī; 12:76, SHARED WITH NAME 58 as another portion, with aṭ-Ṭabarī and Ibn ʻAbbās; 6:165, with Ibn Kathīr; and 94:4, with Mujāhid and Qatādah in Ibn Kathīr — the other five at this Name only (corrected in build 151); 35:10, SHARED WITH NAMES 8 AND 24 as another portion, with aṭ-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʻAbbās, Shahr ibn Ḥawshab, al-Qurṭubī and Mujāhid; and, ADDED, 6:83 and 7:176, with Ibn Kathīr, both at this Name only. They are appended, sub-items 0 to 6 keep their positions, and the distinct Qurʼan-page verse count in Notes on This Edition moves from 355 to 357.

NAMED HERE BUT NOT CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: 56:3, carried at Name 22; 12:100, carried at Name 30; 2:63, 2:93, 4:154, 4:158, 2:253, 43:32, 13:2 and 79:28, 19:57, 2:127, 49:2, 24:36, 52:5, 56:34, 80:14, 88:13, 88:18, 17:21 and 94:2–3, all carried at NO Name; 55:7, carried at Name 29, which took the mizan verses after this note was written.

CORRECTED ON THE RECORD, THE COUNTS: the entry gave none; computed from the Tanzil text, r-f-ʻ gives 29 words in 29 verses, Allah the subject in 18, the subject disputed at 35:10, the Event at 56:3, people at 2:127, 12:100 and 49:2, and things raised in the passive in 6.

CORRECTED, THE ROOT: the gloss had glossBasis desc and no source. Al-Jawharī and al-Fayyūmī were read in the hawramani transcriptions as search results returned them; Ibn Fāris, Lisān al-ʻArab and Ibn al-Athīr on r-f-ʻ were not read and are not cited. The gloss follows al-Jawharī, with glossBasis ref, and a senseNote is added.

CORRECTED, THE DESC: it said He will raise the dead in resurrection, which is baʻth, the sense of Name 49, not this root; it said He raises hearts in dhikr and named cables of the raising, which have no source; it made the chain of knowers end in Al-ʻAlīm, one reading of 12:76 given as settled; it called the raising of the Prophet’s ﷺ remembrance a promise every minaret has kept five times a day, which the book cannot state as such; it said the name-form comes from the enumeration with the Qurʼan giving the act, when the Qurʼan also gives rāfiʻ and rafīʻ and a sound report gives the verb; and it called Al-Khāfiḍ its other hand, never read apart. It now gives the root, the raising in degrees and of the accepted deed, the Qurʼan’s act with the division over rafīʻ, unnamed, the report and the weak list, the trial of degrees, 12:76, the neighbouring Names 22 and 24, and what the Name asks.

THE REF: Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 179a, 817a and 920a stood in forms the book does not use, and never read apart overstated the pairing; the ref now gives the counts, at-Tirmidhī 3507 with its grades, Muslim 179a, 817a and 2588, al-Jawharī, al-Fayyūmī, al-Qurṭubī, aṭ-Ṭabarī, Ibn ʻAbbās, Shahr ibn Ḥawshab, Ibn Kathīr and Mujāhid.

CORRECTED, THE QURʼAN NOTES: 3:55’s translation printed ʻĪsā in lower case; 35:10’s English, He raises it, followed one reading, and its note cited modern English translators, misspelt one of them, and pointed to the reflection and to Names 8 and 24; the English now follows aṭ-Ṭabarī, the righteous deed raises it, and the note gives the classical division from al-Qurṭubī; 58:11’s, 40:15’s and 12:76’s notes had no sources, and 12:76’s ceiling attached to every raising is removed; 6:165’s and 94:4’s carried remarks about citation parity, the reflection and the Meaning page. Each now gives the commentators. TWO duʻāʼ. Muslim 920a, now FIRST, CORRECTED: a Prophetic duʻāʼ, it had no grade and now reads ṣaḥīḥ; its note carried a pointer to the entry above and an unsourced claim that it is the clearest case of the Name, and now gives Umm Salamah’s account and Muslim 920b.

ADDED: Ibn Mājah 898, raise me, between the two prostrations, SHARED WITH NAME 9, which carries the same report as at-Tirmidhī 284; the grades are the dataset’s, and SHARED_LOCI links the two Names.

REMOVED: Muslim 963, the funeral prayer from ʻAwf ibn Mālik, which carries neither the Name nor its root, whose note itself pointed to Muslim 920a for the verb, and which had no grade; it now stands at no Name. THREE tracked aḥādīth. Muslim 817a, carried at this Name only: its note’s one instrument with two outcomes decided elsewhere is replaced by the account at ʻUsfān and Muslim 817b.

ADDED: Muslim 2588, its last clause, no one humbles himself for Allah but that Allah raises him, SHARED WITH NAME 24 as another portion, with Name 24’s source, grade and translation. al-Bukhārī 555 with Muslim 632, CORRECTED: the source now reads Muslim 632a and the grade ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh); the note’s pointers to the reflection and to the tradition’s extension are removed, and it now states that yaʻruju is not the Name’s root.

MEDS 23: billing the universe becomes keeping the bill; the Raiser becomes the Exalter, the book’s rendering; the old teaching becomes the Prophet ﷺ in a report from Abū Hurayrah, following al-Bukhārī 555 in the book’s translation, and a report carried up twice a day is removed, since the report names the night angels ascending; the old verse at 35:10 now follows the page’s translation with Ibn ʻAbbās’s reading, and nothing rising under its own power and every block set true in the dark going up the day it was cut, a promise, are removed; two cables and nothing else bears the weight, which overstates 58:11, and a governor installed on the machinery are replaced by 58:11 and 12:76 in the book’s translations; the old verse at 6:165 becomes the Qurʼan in the book’s translation; one Hand becomes one Lord; the close, nothing set true in the dark stays unraised, a promise, becomes the angels’ answer.

POEMS 23: solid steel sinking every time with no exception, which surface tension contradicts for small pieces, becomes a solid block of steel; Ar-Rāfiʻ as the reason a hollow thing floats, which likens Him to a cause in nature, and the ones who make room eventually carried, a promise, become the hull floating by the measure He set, with Muslim 2588’s saying. CH 23 checked and unchanged.

OPEN: Ibn Fāris, Lisān al-ʻArab and Ibn al-Athīr on r-f-ʻ were not read; aṭ-Ṭabarī’s own reading of mutawaffīka is given only as Ibn Kathīr reports it; read at his own text in build 151, it agrees.

AUDIT: Name 9’s grade for at-Tirmidhī 284 omitted Aḥmad Shākir’s ṣaḥīḥ, which the dataset records, and now gives it; Name 9’s note now says Ibn Mājah 898 is carried at Name 23.

COHERENCE: Name 24’s Muslim 2588 is now linked both ways with this Name.

AUDIT AFTER NAME 65: the Duʻāʼ link for Ibn Mājah 898 to Name 9 was of the kind the reader shows as Also at, which says the same text is printed there, and that page prints different Arabic; it is now shown as Another portion at.

AFTER NAME 82: Name 82 carries the whole of Muslim 2588, linked as another portion of this clause. AFTER THE CHAT-END AUDIT OF 81–85: the grade field of Ibn Mājah 898 now gives every grader in the dataset’s rows, each attributed to its record (the grade survey). AFTER THE CHAT-END AUDIT OF 1–99: Mujāhid’s words in the note take the mark on Muḥammad ﷺ.

IN BUILD 151, FROM THE PHASE 2 READING: the carried line above is corrected in place, 12:76 standing at Name 58 as well, its opening, linked as another portion. The ref names Ibn Mājah 3861’s list beside at-Tirmidhī 3507’s, and Abū Dāwūd 3450 among the reports that give His verb. The note on Muslim 2588 gives the whole report at Names 24 and 82. The open item on aṭ-Ṭabarī’s own reading of mutawaffīka is answered: read at 3:55 in the pinned tafsīr, he judges soundest I am taking you from the earth and raising you to Myself, the reports of ʻĪsā’s descent being widely transmitted, and the 3:55 note gives it in his words.

FROM THE CENSUS: the third report’s source field cites al-Bukhārī 555 alone, the record that carries the printed Arabic, Muslim 632a standing in the note.

IN BUILD 207, FROM THE READING OF THE GRADES: Muḥammad Fuʼād ʻAbd al-Bāqī is no longer named as a grader on this page: the row the ḥadīth dataset gives in his name is al-Albānī’s ruling as it is printed with ʻAbd al-Bāqī’s edition of Ibn Mājah, read at Shamela through its page reader, not in print, and the edition gives no verdict of its own beyond quoting az-Zawāʼid; al-Albānī’s grade stands where it stood, and earlier records keep their words.

المعزNext · Name 24The Bestower of Honor
Al-Muʻizz