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Name 14 of 99
الغفار

The Ever-Forgiving

Al-Ghaffār

The open door at dusk — a way home that is never barred.

Meaning

From gh-f-r, whose main sense is covering; the same root gives mighfar, the helmet. Al-Ghaffār is the intensive: the One who forgives again and again, however often the servant returns, covering the fault and sparing him what it earned. The covering is not pretence, for what lies beneath is known entire. Scholars differ on what the word holds: some read forgiveness as covering, keeping erasure for Al-ʻAfuww; others hold that covering alone falls short, and that forgiveness is protection from the sin’s punishment. Beside Al-Ghafūr the difference is commonly read as one of emphasis: forgiveness renewed here, forgiveness complete there. The door of repentance stays open until the death-rattle. The Name asks the servant to keep returning, and to cover others’ faults as his own are covered.

Root gh-f-r — to cover; to forgive

Qurʼan 38:66, 39:5 and 40:42 carry the definite Name, each time beside al-ʻAzīz; the indefinite ghaffār stands at 20:82 and 71:10, five occurrences in all. Computed from the Tanzil text, gh-f-r gives 234 words; ghafūr stands 91 times, eleven of them definite. Ibn Fāris (Maqāyīs al-Lughah, vol. 4, p. 385): most of gh-f-r is covering; ghafr and ghufrān are one, and al-mighfar belongs to the root. Ar-Rāghib, as quoted in later works, his own text not read: ghafr is clothing a thing in what guards it from soiling, and forgiveness from Allah is guarding the servant from being touched by punishment. Al-Ghazālī, al-Maqṣad al-Asnā, likewise as quoted: faʻʻāl tells of the frequency of the act, forgiveness repeated time after time, and faʻūl, in al-Ghafūr, of its excellence and completeness; he holds ʻafw, erasure, more far-reaching than ghufrān, covering. Ibn Taymiyyah: to explain al-Ghaffār as the Concealer falls short, for forgiveness is protection from the evil of the sin, and a sin merely concealed may still be punished. On 20:82 Ibn Kathīr gives the readings of thumma htadā: did not doubt (Ibn ʻAbbās), held to Islam until death (Qatādah), kept to the Sunnah (Saʻīd ibn Jubayr), knew there was reward (Sufyān ath-Thawrī). Aṭ-Ṭabarī has the first two, with keeping to the Sunnah from ar-Rabīʻ ibn Anas and knowing the One who repays from al-Kalbī, and himself reads it as keeping to all of it, faith, good works and repentance. Ibn Kathīr on 39:5: with His might and greatness He forgives the one who disobeys Him and then turns back. Allah accepts the servant’s repentance so long as he is not at the death-rattle: at-Tirmidhī 3537, ḥasan. Muslim 2758a with al-Bukhārī 7507: the servant who sins, asks and is forgiven, again and again.

Story

A farmer named Tobias had a son who could not keep from ruin. Three times the young man took his share and lost it — once to gambling, once to bad company, once to a scheme that would have fooled a wiser head than his — and three times he came home in the same clothes he had left in, thinner and more ashamed, certain that this time the door would be barred against him.

Three times it was not. Tobias met him at the gate, each time, the way he had the first: not pretending the wrong away, not sparing him the truth of it, but opening the door all the same. The neighbors clicked their tongues. “Will you open it a fourth time?” they said. “You reward his folly.” “I do not reward it,” Tobias answered. “I forgive it. Those are not the same thing.”

What it cost Tobias was not chiefly the money, though it was a great deal of money and the farm never fully recovered from the third time. It was that he had to go on being wrong in public. Every man in that valley knew what he had done and thought less of him for it, and he did it again anyway, which is a harder thing than the forgiving. There was little enough left to lose a fourth time — the best land was already gone, and what remained did not forgive a bad year — so that opening the gate again was, by then, no longer an easy mercy but one made with real arithmetic standing behind it.

The fourth time he came up the road it was dusk, and he stopped at the gate and could not make himself walk through it. Tobias came out and stood beside him a while without saying anything. “You are going to open it,” the son said. “Yes.” “That is the worst part.” “I know,” Tobias said, and opened it.

Poem

Snow does not ask what’s buried beneath it before it falls.

The torn field, the tire ruts, the trash someone meant to come back for and didn’t —
all of it disappears under the same white,
the small wrongs and the large ones alike.

And when it melts, and the field is torn up again by spring,
by the next mistake, the next neglect —
it snows again.
Not once, as an exception made a single time,
but as the pattern itself: fall, cover, melt, fall again,
each time as complete as if it were the first.

This is not forgetting. The field still remembers its scars in the way it drains,
the way water pools where old ruts run deep.
But no one is asked to see them under all that white.

Al-Ghaffār is not a single field, once, quietly covered.
His is the reason it can snow
on the same torn ground
a thousand winters running
for every field that turns back to Him,
and never once
run out of white.

Reflection

What Was Covered for You

Somewhere in your past there is a shelf of things that never came to light — the word said where only one person heard it, the intention no one audited, the hour you would pay heavily to keep unseen. You think of your record as the things you were caught in. It is mostly the things you were not. Most of any life is lived under a cover that was never once acknowledged, and never once deserved.

Al-Ghaffār is the Forgiver whose forgiveness begins as concealment. The root of the Name means to cover — the same root gives the old word for a helmet, the covering that keeps a blow from landing. He does not merely decline to punish; He draws a veil first, so the fault is not paraded, and then He spares you what it earned. And He does it again. The form of the Name is the form of a thing done over and over — not one pardon, issued once, but a door that has never yet been found barred.

There is one hinge on the door, and it is not His reluctance; it is your turning. The verse is exact: I am Ever-Forgiving toward whoever repents, believes, works righteousness, and then remains guided. The covering is not a license — it is a privacy in which to change. And there is one closing time: the Prophet ﷺ said that Allah accepts a servant’s repentance so long as the death-rattle has not come. Which is a way of saying it is open now, and now is the only door anyone has ever actually walked through.

The trace of this Name you can carry is the veil, not the verdict: when you learn a thing about someone that would undo them, and it is not yours to report, keep it covered; the Prophet ﷺ promised that whoever conceals a Muslim, Allah will conceal him in this world and the Hereafter. And for your own record: you are not asked to pretend the past away, only to stop exhuming what He has already buried. Regret belongs to turning. But if He has drawn the veil and you have turned, digging it up nightly as though nothing had been drawn over it is not honesty. It is distrust of the covering.

What He has veiled, do not keep lifting.

Qurʼan

وَإِنِّي لَغَفَّارٌ لِّمَن تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَىٰ

And truly I am Ever-Forgiving toward whoever repents, believes, works righteousness, and then remains guided.

20:82 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The intensive, indefinite, la-ghaffārun, joined to four conditions. Aṭ-Ṭabarī: I am the One of forgiveness for whoever turns from his shirk to faith, makes his worship Mine alone, fulfils what I have made obligatory, and then holds to it. Ibn Kathīr: whoever turns to Me from any sin, I turn to him, so that He turned even to those of Banū Isrāʼīl who worshipped the calf. The commentators’ readings of thumma htadā are given in the study references.

فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّارًا

And I said: seek forgiveness of your Lord — truly He is Ever-Forgiving.

71:10 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

Nūḥ’s plea to his people. Ibn Kathīr: return to Him and repent, for whoever repents He turns to, whatever the sins, even disbelief and shirk. Because the next verse promises rain sent down in abundance, he reports that ʻUmar, praying for rain, said nothing on the minbar but seeking forgiveness, and recited these verses.

أَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ

Unquestionably He is the Mighty, the Ever-Forgiving.

39:5 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The definite Name beside al-ʻAzīz, as at each of its three occurrences. Ibn Kathīr: with His might, His greatness and His grandeur, He is Ever-Forgiving to the one who disobeys Him and then turns back to Him.

تَدْعُونَنِي لِأَكْفُرَ بِاللَّهِ وَأُشْرِكَ بِهِ مَا لَيْسَ لِي بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَأَنَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى الْعَزِيزِ الْغَفَّارِ

You invite me to disbelieve in Allah and to set up with Him what I have no knowledge of, while I invite you to the Mighty, the Ever-Forgiving.

40:42 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The definite Name a second time on this page, again beside al-ʻAzīz. The believer among Pharaoh’s people answers their invitation, to disbelieve and to associate, with the Name he invites them to; the verse before frames the exchange, I invite you to salvation and you invite me to the Fire, and Mujāhid, in aṭ-Ṭabarī, reads the salvation as belief in Allah. Like Nūḥ at 71:10, he offers forgiveness to the people opposing him.

رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ

Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, the Mighty, the Ever-Forgiving.

38:66 (Qurʼan, opens quran.com)

The third definite occurrence, closing the declaration the Prophet ﷺ is told to make at 38:65: there is no god but Allah, the One, Al-Qahhār. Aṭ-Ṭabarī: the Owner of the heavens and the earth and of the creation between them. Ibn Kathīr: Ever-Forgiving with His might and greatness. Joined to the close of 38:65, these words are what ʻĀʼishah reports he would say on turning over in the night, given with the supplications.

Dua

لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ

There is no god but Allah, the One, the Subduer — Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, the Mighty, the Ever-Forgiving.

an-Nasāʼī, as-Sunan al-Kubrā; Ibn Ḥibbān 5530; al-Ḥākim 1980 · ṣaḥīḥ (al-Albānī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmiʻ 4693)

Narrated from ʻĀʼishah: what the Prophet ﷺ would say when he turned over in the night. Its words are the close of 38:65 joined to 38:66, so the Name is said here as the Qurʼan says it, beside al-ʻAzīz. Al-Albānī grades it ṣaḥīḥ in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmiʻ 4693 and as-Silsilah aṣ-Ṣaḥīḥah 2066; the number of an-Nasāʼī’s report in as-Sunan al-Kubrā differs between editions.

اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي خَطِيئَتِي وَجَهْلِي وَإِسْرَافِي فِي أَمْرِي وَمَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي جِدِّي وَهَزْلِي وَخَطَئِي وَعَمْدِي وَكُلُّ ذَٰلِكَ عِنْدِي

O Allah, forgive me my error, my ignorance, my excess in my affairs, and what You know better of me than I do. O Allah, forgive me my earnestness and my jesting, my mistakes and what I did deliberately — and all of that is in me.

Muslim 2719a · ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh)

Narrated by Abū Mūsā al-Ashʻarī. The Arabic is Muslim 2719a’s; al-Bukhārī 6398 gives the same supplication with a different order, opening rabbi ghfir lī and reading khaṭāyāya wa-ʻamdī wa-jahlī wa-hazlī. It does not use the Name itself but the verb, ighfir, and its categories are made exhaustive — error and ignorance, excess, earnest and jest, mistake and intent — so that nothing is held back as too small or too often repeated to bring. The supplication continues into the clause that names Al-Muqaddim and Al-Muʼakhkhir.

Hadith

أَذْنَبَ عَبْدٌ ذَنْبًا فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِي فَقَالَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَذْنَبَ عَبْدِي ذَنْبًا فَعَلِمَ أَنَّ لَهُ رَبًّا يَغْفِرُ الذَّنْبَ وَيَأْخُذُ بِالذَّنْبِ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَأَذْنَبَ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِي … وَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكَ

A servant committed a sin and said: O Allah, forgive me my sin. And He, Blessed and Exalted, said: My servant committed a sin and knew that he has a Lord who forgives sin and takes to account for sin. Then he returned and sinned, and said: My Lord, forgive me my sin … And do what you will, for I have forgiven you.

Muslim 2758a · ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh; ḥadīth qudsī)

Narrated by Abū Hurayrah, among the things the Prophet ﷺ relates from his Lord. The pattern of the Name is the shape of the report: the sin, the asking and the forgiving, three times over. An-Nawawī: do what you will means, so long as you sin and then repent, I forgive you — a promise to the one who keeps returning, not leave to persist. Muslim’s narrator ʻAbd al-Aʻlā was unsure whether those words came at the third time or the fourth; al-Bukhārī 7507 gives three rounds and closes, I have forgiven My servant, so let him do what he will.

قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ إِنَّكَ مَا دَعَوْتَنِي وَرَجَوْتَنِي غَفَرْتُ لَكَ عَلَى مَا كَانَ فِيكَ وَلَا أُبَالِي يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ لَوْ بَلَغَتْ ذُنُوبُكَ عَنَانَ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرْتَنِي غَفَرْتُ لَكَ وَلَا أُبَالِي …

Allah said: O son of Ādam, so long as you call upon Me and place your hope in Me, I will forgive you whatever has come from you, and I will not mind. O son of Ādam, were your sins to reach the clouds of the sky and then you sought My forgiveness, I would forgive you, and I would not mind …

at-Tirmidhī 3540 · gharīb (at-Tirmidhī’s own verdict); ṣaḥīḥ (al-Albānī; Aḥmad Shākir); ḥasan (Bashshār ʻAwwād Maʻrūf); isnād ḥasan (Darussalam); ḥadīth qudsī

Narrated by Anas ibn Mālik. At-Tirmidhī calls it gharīb, known to him only by this route; the graders in the published row divide, al-Albānī and Aḥmad Shākir ṣaḥīḥ, Bashshār ʻAwwād Maʻrūf ḥasan, Darussalam isnād ḥasan. The report continues: were you to come to Me with nearly the earth’s fill of sins and then meet Me associating nothing with Me, I would come to you with nearly its fill of forgiveness. Wa-lā ubālī, and I would not mind: the phrase that separates this Name from a forgiveness that keeps a private grudge.

مَنْ نَفَّسَ عَنْ مُؤْمِنٍ كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ الدُّنْيَا نَفَّسَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ يَسَّرَ عَلَى مُعْسِرٍ يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ وَمَنْ سَتَرَ مُسْلِمًا سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ

Whoever relieves a believer of a hardship of this world, Allah will relieve him of a hardship of the Day of Resurrection; whoever brings ease to one in difficulty, Allah will bring him ease in this world and the Hereafter; and whoever conceals [the faults of] a Muslim, Allah will conceal him in this world and the Hereafter.

Muslim 2699a · ṣaḥīḥ

Narrated by Abū Hurayrah. The concealing clause uses satr, not the Name’s root, so the report stands here as nearest in meaning: covering is where gh-f-r begins. The report continues past the three clauses carried: Allah aids the servant so long as the servant aids his brother; the road taken to seek knowledge; the gathering in a house of Allah to recite and study the Book; and the one whose deeds hold him back, whom his lineage will not hurry forward.

Study Notes

Verified — directly attested

ShowHide the Study Notes (1,413 words)

CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: FIVE ayat, all at this Name only. 20:82, la-ghaffārun, with aṭ-Ṭabarī and Ibn Kathīr; 71:10, Nūḥ’s plea, with Ibn Kathīr and ʻUmar’s prayer for rain; 39:5, the definite Name beside al-ʻAzīz, with Ibn Kathīr; 40:42, the definite Name a second time, with Mujāhid in aṭ-Ṭabarī; and, ADDED, 38:66, the third definite occurrence, with aṭ-Ṭabarī and Ibn Kathīr. It is appended, the other sub-items keep their positions, and the distinct Qurʼan-page verse count in Notes on This Edition moves from 342 to 343.

NAMED HERE BUT NOT CARRIED ON THIS PAGE: 38:65, whose close the night supplication joins to the third definite occurrence above, carried at Name 66; and 40:41, carried at NO Name.

CORRECTED ON THE RECORD, THE COUNTS: computed from the Tanzil text, ghaffār stands five times, three definite (38:66, 39:5, 40:42) and two indefinite (20:82, 71:10); gh-f-r gives 234 words; ghafūr 91, eleven definite. The ref’s nine forms is no longer given. THE REF now gives Ibn Fāris, read on the islamweb transcription; ar-Rāghib and al-Ghazālī, read as quoted in later works, including al-Ghazālī’s distinction of ʻafw as erasure from ghufrān as covering; and Ibn Taymiyyah’s objection that to explain al-Ghaffār as the Concealer falls short, read as quoted in islamweb fatwā 14948.

CORRECTED, THE DESC: it said the Name is not erasure and that unmaking belongs to Al-ʻAfuww, as settled; that is al-Ghazālī’s reading, and Ibn Taymiyyah holds forgiveness to be more than covering, so the division is now stated unnamed. Its promise that the hundredth return is met as the first is replaced by the door of repentance open until the death-rattle, now sourced in the ref to at-Tirmidhī 3537.

THE ROOT: the gloss follows Ibn Fāris with glossBasis ref, and the senseNote no longer speaks of a manuscript.

CORRECTED, THE QURʼAN NOTES: 71:10 said Nūḥ preached this Name for centuries, which the verse does not say; 20:82 and 39:5 carried unattributed readings; all now give the commentators. TWO duʻāʼ.

ADDED FIRST: the supplication ʻĀʼishah reports on turning over in the night, lā ilāha illā llāhu l-Wāḥidu l-Qahhār, rabbu s-samāwāti wa-l-arḍi wa-mā baynahumā l-ʻAzīzu l-Ghaffār, SHARED WITH NAME 15, where it already stood; it carries the Name itself.

CORRECTED AT NAME 15 FOR COHERENCE: that item had no grade, and both Names now carry ṣaḥīḥ (al-Albānī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Jāmiʻ 4693), confirmed on dorar.net; source strings are identical, and Name 15’s note is left for its own pass. SHARED_LOCI: dua 14 is remapped, the old sub-item 0 moving to 1, and reciprocal entries are added at 14 and 15. Muslim 2719a, from Abū Mūsā, SHARED WITH NAMES 71 AND 72 as other portions (Name 72 named in build 148).

CORRECTED: its source and grade differed from Name 71’s, and now read al-Bukhārī 6398; Muslim 2719a and ṣaḥīḥ (muttafaq ʻalayh) at both, with the note stating that the Arabic is Muslim’s and how al-Bukhārī’s differs. THREE tracked aḥādīth, all at this Name only.

ADDED FIRST: Muslim 2758a with al-Bukhārī 7507, the servant who sins and asks and is forgiven three times, with an-Nawawī’s reading of do what you will, read as quoted in islamweb fatwā 217858. At-Tirmidhī 3540, from Anas.

CORRECTED: its Arabic stopped before wa-lā ubālī at the second clause, which the report has, and now marks the continuation; its grade gave only at-Tirmidhī and Darussalam, and now also al-Albānī and Aḥmad Shākir, ṣaḥīḥ, with Darussalam’s isnād ḥasan as the dataset reads. Muslim 2699a, from Abū Hurayrah.

CORRECTED: its Arabic carried commas, now removed; its note carried capitals and process remarks, and now states that the concealing clause uses satr, not the Name’s root, and gives the rest of the report.

POEMS 14: its last line said Al-Ghaffār never once keeps count, which the book does not say of Allah, Al-Muḥṣī counting all things; its ledger line likewise; the snow now falls for every field that turns back to Him and never runs out.

MEDS 14: 20:82 is now quoted in the book’s translation; the door until the throat is attributed to the Prophet ﷺ; the concealing hadith is quoted in the book’s wording; and regret is acknowledged as part of turning. CH 14 checked and unchanged.

OPEN: the story of a father who opens the gate to a son returning from ruin closely resembles a well-known parable outside the tradition; left for the author (closed by the author’s decision, A27: the story is kept unchanged, and the record of build 182 below names the parallel).

AUDIT: the ref’s citation of at-Tirmidhī 3537 no longer opens a sentence with a capitalised collection name, which the ref-prose linker matches only partly. The earlier source number an-Nasāʼī al-Kubrā 10810 at the night supplication had also produced a link to a sunnah.com page for an unrelated number; the source without a number links nothing.

GLOSSARY: Muttafaq ʻalayh added, the term this and the neighbouring pages use in their grades.

AFTER NAME 71: the Duʻāʼ source for the first clauses of Muslim 2719a paired al-Bukhārī 6398, which gives them in another order (rabbi ghfir lī … fī amrī kullihi) and does not carry the printed wording; cut to Muslim 2719a, as the note already said the Arabic is Muslim 2719a’s. The grade is unchanged. AFTER THE CHAT-END AUDIT OF 81–85: the grade field of at-Tirmidhī 3540 now gives every grader in the dataset’s rows, each attributed to its record (the grade survey). AFTER THE 1–40 HYGIENE READING: the root was recounted on the pointed Tanzil text: 234 words in 202 verses across 58 forms, with no look alike at all, every form the sweep returns being of this root, which is the figure this entry gives. Ghaffār stands five times, three definite at 38:66 and 39:5 and 40:42 and two indefinite at 20:82 and 71:10, and the word standing immediately before the Name at all three definite places is al-ʻAzīz, which count_ghfr.py now asserts. Ghafūr stands 91 times with 11 definite, as this entry says, and the eleven are the eleven Name 34 works from. Ibn Fāris at this root was read in his own text on the islamweb transcription, as the record of the ref above says, and the reading in print is still owed (corrected in build 148: this line had said that he was not read and was given through quotation).

IN BUILD 148, FROM THE PHASE 2 READING: the ref gives the readings of thumma htadā at 20:82 to each commentator as he gives them, Ibn Kathīr the four as printed and aṭ-Ṭabarī the first two, with keeping to the Sunnah from ar-Rabīʻ ibn Anas, knowing the One who repays from al-Kalbī and his own reading, keeping to all of it, where it had credited both with Ibn Kathīr’s four; neither Saʻīd ibn Jubayr nor Sufyān ath-Thawrī stands in aṭ-Ṭabarī’s entry. The ref gives ar-Rāghib and al-Ghazālī as quoted in later works, and the root’s senseNote al-Ghazālī (found in the build), as this note records they were read. READ ON THE WEB on 2026-09-23, not pinned, each holding the page’s words: Ibn Taymiyyah’s passage in his own text, al-Fatāwā al-Kubrā, Masāʼil manthūrah, on Arabic Wikisource; an-Nawawī on Muslim 2758 in islamweb’s library transcription of his Sharḥ, Kitāb at-Tawbah; Ibn Fāris at gh-f-r in islamweb’s library transcription of Maqāyīs al-Lughah, the reading the ref’s record names, so the last line above is corrected in place; the earlier lines giving Ibn Taymiyyah and an-Nawawī as read in islamweb fatwās stand as the record of that pass. The note on at-Tirmidhī 3540 names the fourth grader, Bashshār ʻAwwād Maʻrūf, ḥasan; the share line above names Name 72 beside Name 71.

FROM THE CENSUS: the report’s source field cites Muslim 2758a alone, the record that carries the printed Arabic, al-Bukhārī 7507 standing in the note. The story’s resemblance to a parable waits on the author (A27).

BY THE AUTHOR’S DECISIONS OF 2026-09-25, IN BUILD 182: CH 14 is kept unchanged, and the OPEN item is closed in place. The story’s shape recalls the parable of the returning son in Luke 15. What it makes its own is the return repeated, the intensive the Name carries, and the cost of forgiving in public (A27).

IN BUILD 195, FROM THE BACKLOG READING OF THE LEXICA: Ibn Fāris at gh-f-r is read at Shamela through its page reader, not in print, in Hārūn’s page-numbered edition, vol. 4, pp. 385–386: ʻuẓmu bābihi as-satr, thumma yashudhdhu ʻanhu mā yudhkar, and al-ghafr is as-satr; the ref now gives the place, and the print itself is still owed.

القهارNext · Name 15The Subduer
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